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Outside US, fewer indices for ETF-intraday trade not significant to those with longer time horizon-encounter inefficient markets with low trading volume (lg bid-ask spread)-Lg investors may choose to directly invest in an index portfolio, lower expenses and lower tax consequences.
mutual fund is value of the investment company's assets minus it's
liabilities, stated on a per-share basis. -Share price on open-end fund
will always equal NAV since the investment company is obligated to
redeem shares at any time at current mkt value.-Share price closed-end
fund may or may not equal NAV since share price is determined in
secondary market.
situation in commodities futures contracts where the futures price is
below the spot price. Dominant traders in a commodity future are
producers of the commodity hedging their exposure to financial losses
arising from unexpected price declines in the future
entitles holder to full ownership rights for an indefinite time period
when end user of a commodity buys futures contracts to protect against unexpected futures price increases.
what is value relative to an appropriate benchmark value
Gross potential income - vacancy and collection loss estimate -
insurance - real estate taxes - utility expense - estimated maintenance
expense
Strive to match returns to those of a particular stock index
1-roll over need to change maturity2-index weighting based on
production or consumption change over time (NOT the Performance).
manager need to change the size of exposure3-collateralize the
derivative change cus T-bill has short maturity
involves creating a fund open to both individuals and institutional
investors, which in turn invests in hedge fundsBene- enable investor
with limited capital to invest, grant new access to hedge funds that
might otherwise be closedDrawbacks- managers charge a mgnt fee in
addition to those fees already charged by hedge fund manager. (1 and 10
fees)
special type of fund that invests in a portfolio of stocks or bonds
and is designed to mimic the performance of a specified index. Shares
are traded in secondary market like the shares of a closed-end fund,
with the investor ability to trade at any time during market hours, sell
short, or margin the shares.
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